Introduction: Greenhouse Effect
The normal temperature of the Earth's surface is slowly rising because of things people do, mostly putting greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O) into the air. The earth gets warmer because these gases trap heat from the sun. This is called the "greenhouse effect."
Why the Earth is warming up:
1. Burning fossil fuels: When coal, oil, and natural gas are burned for energy, a lot of CO₂ is released into the air.
2. Destruction of forests: Cutting down trees lowers Earth's ability to take CO₂ from the air.
3. Agriculture and Livestock: Methane is released by livestock, especially cows, and nitrous oxide is released by fertilizers. Both are very strong greenhouse gases.
4. Activities in the industrial sector: Many greenhouse gases and pollution are released into the air by factories.
What global warming does:
1. Rising temperatures: The average temperature around the world is going up, which means that heatwaves are happening more often.
2. Ice Caps and Glaciers Melting: As temperatures rise, ice in the Arctic regions melts, which raises the sea level.
3. Rising sea levels: As sea levels rise, coastal places are more likely to flood, which can force people to move.
4. Extreme Weather Events: Hurricanes, storms, and heavy rain are more likely to happen because of global warming.
5. Loss of Biodiversity: As climates change, ecosystems are upset, putting plant and animal species in danger that can't adapt fast enough.
Slowing down global warming:
To stop global warming, it is important to:
1. Lower your greenhouse gas emissions by switching from fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources like wind and sun.
2. Planting trees and protecting woods are two ways to help the environment absorb CO₂.
3. Save energy: Using tools and cars that use less energy lowers emissions.
4. Encourage sustainable agriculture by using sustainable farming methods and lowering the amount of methane released by animals.
5. Raise awareness: Teaching people about the effects of global warming can get everyone to work together to stop it.
There is a big problem with global warming that will have many effects, but people can help lessen those effects by doing something now.
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